Elastic wave position-sensing device

ABSTRACT

An elastic wave position-sensing device comprising at least two elastic wave transducing units X and Y having N propagation lanes U Xi  (i=1, 2, . . . , N) and U Yi  (i=1, 2, . . . , N), respectively, a nonpiezoelectric plate, a display panel mounted on one end surface of the nonpiezoelectric plate, and a controlling system connected with the units X and Y. Each unit includes a piezoelectric substrate P T , a piezoelectric substrate P R , at least an input interdigital transducer formed on one end surface of the piezoelectric substrate P T , and at least an output interdigital transducer formed on one end surface of the piezoelectric substrate P R . Each piezoelectric substrates mounted on one or the other end surface of the nonpiezoelectric plate and the nonpiezoelectric plate form N bilayer zones L Ti  (i=1, 2, . . . , N), a bilayer zone L R , and a monolayer zone between the bilayer zones L Ti  and the bilayer zone L R . When an electric signal E T  is applied to the input interdigital transducer, an elastic wave is excited in the bilayer zone L Ti . The elastic wave is transmitted to the bilayer zone L R  through the monolayer zone, and is transduced to an electric signal E R . If touching a crossing point of the lanes U Xi  and U Yi  on the other end surface of the nonpiezoelectric plate, the elastic wave is intercepted at the crossing point. Therefore, the magnitude of the electric signal E R  corresponding to the crossing point decrease or disappearance. Thus, it is possible to specify the crossing point.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an elastic wave device for sensing a touch-position on a nonpiezoelectric plate having at least two elastic wave transducing units.

2. Description of the Prior Art.

A resistance-film form of conventional touch panels has an electrically conductive transparent film, the magnitude of the resistance thereof changing when touching thereon. The resistance-film form of conventional touch panels is operated under low power consumption, however has some problems on response time, sensitivity, durability and others. An ultrasonic form of conventional touch panels has a nonpiezoelectric plate under acoustic vibration, which is decreased or disappeared when touching on the nonpiezoelectric plate. Conventional methods for exciting the acoustic vibration on a nonpiezoelectric plate generally include a wedge-shaped transducer with a bulk wave vibrator for vibrating a nonpiezoelectric plate indirectly, or a piezoelectric thin film transducer for vibrating a nonpiezoelectric plate directly. The wedge-shaped transducer is mainly used for a non-destruction evaluation by ultrasound under a comparative low frequency operation alone because of the difficulty on manufacturing accuracy of the wedge angle and so on. The piezoelectric thin film transducer consists of a nonpiezoelectric plate, a piezoelectric thin film mounted on the nonpiezoelectric plate and made from ZnO and others, and interdigital transducers exciting the acoustic vibration on the nonpiezoelectric plate. Because of various transmission characteristics of the interdigital transducers with various structures, the piezoelectric thin film transducer is used as a high frequency device, however has operation frequencies limited to the UHF and VHF bands, and has some problems on manufacturing and mass production.

Thus, there are some problems on response time, sensitivity, durability, manufacturing, mass production, errors of frequent occurrence, difficulty in use, operation frequencies, and high voltage operation with high power consumption in conventional touch panels.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide an elastic wave position-sensing device capable of specifying a touch-position on the nonpiezoelectric plate with a finger or others under a fixed or more pressure with a high sensitivity and a quick response time.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an elastic wave position-sensing device excellent in durability, manufacturing, mass-production.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an elastic wave position-sensing device without excessive sensitivity causing errors of frequent occurrence.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an elastic wave position-sensing device being easy to use.

A still other object of the present invention is to provide an elastic wave position-sensing device operating under low power consumption with low voltage.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide an elastic wave position-sensing device with a small size which is very light in weight and has a simple structure.

According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided an elastic wave transducing device comprising at least two elastic wave transducing units X and Y, a nonpiezoelectric plate, a display panel mounted on one end surface of the nonpiezoelectric plate, and a controlling system connected with the elastic wave transducing units X and Y and the display panel. Each elastic wave transducing unit consists of piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R) mounted on one or the other end surface of the nonpiezoelectric plate, N interdigital transducers I_(Ti) (i=1, 2, . . . , N), an interdigital transducer I_(R), and N switches C_(i) (i=1, 2, . . . , N). The piezoelectric substrate P_(T) comprises N piezoelectric parts P_(Ti) (i=1, 2, . . . , N), each interdigital transducer I_(Ti) being formed on one end surface of each piezoelectric part P_(Ti). The interdigital transducer I_(R) is formed on one end surface of the piezoelectric substrate P_(R). The thickness D of the piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R) is approximately equal to or smaller than an interdigital periodicity p of the interdigital transducer I_(Ti). An output terminal of each switch C_(i) is connected with an input terminal of each interdigital transducer I_(Ti). The thickness of the nonpiezoelectric plate is equal to or smaller than the thickness D of the piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R). The nonpiezoelectric plate comprises N nonpiezoelectric parts _(Ti) (i=1, 2, . . . , N) adjacent to the piezoelectric parts P_(Ti), a nonpiezoelectric part _(R) adjacent to the piezoelectric substrate P_(R), and the remaining nonpiezoelectric part. The piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R), and the nonpiezoelectric plate form N bilayer zones L_(Ti) (i=1, 2, . . . , N) consisting of the piezoelectric parts P_(Ti) and the nonpiezoelectric parts _(Ti), a bilayer zone L_(R) consisting of the piezoelectric substrate P_(R) and the nonpiezoelectric part _(R), and a monolayer zone between the bilayer zones L_(Ti) and the bilayer zone L_(R), and consisting of the remaining nonpiezoelectric part.

The interdigital transducer I_(Ti) receives an electric signal E_(T) with a frequency approximately corresponding to the interdigital periodicity p, and excites an elastic wave of the S_(o) mode and the higher order modes in the bilayer zone L_(Ti). The elastic wave, having the wavelength approximately equal to the interdigital periodicity p, is transmitted to the bilayer zone L_(R) through the monolayer zone. In this time, the phase velocity of the elastic wave is approximately equal to the phase velocity V_(fd=0), of the S_(o) mode elastic wave, corresponding to a condition that the product FD of the frequency F of the elastic wave and the thickness D of the piezoelectric substrate P_(T) is zero.

The interdigital transducer I_(R) transduces the elastic wave in the bilayer zone L_(R) to an electric signal E_(R) with a frequency approximately corresponding to the interdigital periodicity p.

The nonpiezoelectric plate is made of a material such that the phase velocity of the elastic wave in the nonpiezoelectric plate alone is approximately equal to that in the piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R) alone.

The controlling system turns on and off the switches C_(i) with a fixed period in turn, keeps a check on a magnitude of the electric signal E_(R), senses a touch with a finger or others under a fixed or more pressure on the other end surface of the nonpiezoelectric plate by a decrease or a disappearance in magnitude of the electric signal E_(R), picks out one of the switches C_(i) turned on when the decrease or the disappearance in magnitude of the electric signal E_(R) happens, specifies a touch-position corresponding with the picked out switch C_(i), and produces an image corresponding to the touch-position on the display panel.

The elastic wave transducing unit X has N propagation lanes U_(Xi) (i=1, 2, . . . , N) of the elastic wave in the monolayer zone between the bilayer zones L_(Ti) and L_(R), two neighbors of the propagation lanes U_(Xi) being closed or partially overlapping each other.

The elastic wave transducing unit Y has N propagation lanes U_(Yi) (i=1, 2, . . . , N) of the elastic wave in the monolayer zone between the bilayer zones L_(Ti) and L_(R), two neighbors of the propagation lanes U_(Yi) being closed or partially overlapping each other, the propagation lane U_(Xi) being vertical to the propagation lane U_(Yi).

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a nonpiezoelectric plate made of a glass.

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a piezoelectric ceramic as the piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R), the polarization axis thereof being parallel to the direction of the thickness D thereof.

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a piezoelectric polymer such as PVDF and so on, as the piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R).

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a display panel such that the phase velocity of the elastic wave in the display panel is higher than that in the nonpiezoelectric plate alone.

According to another aspect of the present invention there are provided two amplifiers A_(X) and A_(Y). An input terminal of the switch C_(i) in the elastic wave transducing unit Y is connected with an output terminal of the interdigital transducer I_(R) in the elastic wave transducing unit X via the amplifier A_(X). An input terminal of the switch C_(i) in the elastic wave transducing unit X is connected with an output terminal of the interdigital transducer I_(R) in the elastic wave transducing unit Y via the amplifier A_(Y). The switches C_(i) in the elastic wave transducing unit X, the propagation lanes U_(Xi) as delay elements, the amplifier A_(X), the switches C_(i) in the elastic wave transducing unit Y, the propagation lanes U_(Yi) as delay elements, and the amplifier A_(Y) form N oscillators H_(i) (i=1, 2, . . . , N).

According to other aspect of the present invention there is provided an elastic wave position-sensing device comprising at least two elastic wave transducing units X and Y, a nonpiezoelectric plate, a display panel, and a controlling system connected with the two elastic wave transducing units X and Y and the display panel. Each elastic wave transducing unit consists of a piezoelectric substrate P_(T) comprising N piezoelectric parts P_(Ti) (i=1, 2, , . . . , N), a piezoelectric substrate P_(R), N interdigital transducers T_(i) (i=1, 2, . . . , N), an interdigital transducer R, N earth electrodes G_(Ti) (i=1, 2, . . . , N), an earth electrode G_(R), a phase shifter S_(T) including at least a coil L₁, a phase shifter S_(R) including at least a coil L₂, and N pairs of switches W_(i) (i=1, 2, . . . , N). Each interdigital transducer T_(i) formed on each piezoelectric part P_(Ti) consists of two electrodes T_(i-1) and T_(i-2), and has two kinds of distances between one electrode finger of the electrode T_(i-1) and two neighboring electrode fingers of the electrode T_(i-2). The interdigital transducer R formed on one end surface of the piezoelectric substrate P_(R) consists of two electrodes R₋₁ and R₋₂, and has two kinds of distances between one electrode finger of the electrode R₋₁ and two neighboring electrode fingers of the electrode R₋₂. Each pair of switches W_(i) consists of two switches W_(i-1) and W_(i-2), output terminals of the switches W_(i-1) and W_(i-2) being connected with input terminals of the electrodes T_(i-1) and T_(i-2), respectively. The piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R) are mounted on one or the other end surface of the nonpiezoelectric plate through the earth electrodes G_(Ti) and G_(R), respectively.

The interdigital transducer T_(i) and the earth electrode G_(Ti) receive an electric signal E_(T1) between the electrode T_(i-1) and the earth electrode G_(Ti), and an electric signal E_(T2) between the electrode T_(i-2) and the earth electrode G_(Ti) via the phase shifter S_(T), and excites an elastic wave of the S_(o) mode and the higher order modes in the bilayer zone L_(Ti). The elastic wave is transmitted to the bilayer zone L_(R) through the monolayer zone, the phase difference between the electric signals E_(T1) and E_(T2) being 2πy. In this time, x<1/2 in a shorter distance xp of the two kinds of distances between one electrode finger of the electrode T_(i-1) and two neighboring electrode fingers of the electrode T_(i-2), and x+y=±1/2 in the phase difference 2πy between the electric signals E_(T1) and E_(T2).

The interdigital transducer R and the earth electrode G_(R) transduce the elastic wave in the bilayer zone L_(R) to an electric signal E_(R1) between the electrode R₋₁ and the earth electrode G_(R), and an electric signal E_(R2) between the electrode R₋₂ and the earth electrode G_(R), the phase difference between the electric signals E_(R1), and E_(R2) being 2πy. In this time, x<1/2 in a shorter distance xp of the two kinds of distances between one electrode finger of the electrode R₋₁ and two neighboring electrode fingers of the electrode R₋₂, and x+y=±1/2 in the phase difference 2πy between the electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2). The phase shifter S_(R) combines the electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2), and delivers a combined electric signal E_(R).

The controlling system turns on and off the pairs of switches W_(i) with a fixed period in turn, keeps a check on a magnitude of the electric signal E_(R), senses a touch with a finger or others under a fixed or more pressure on the other end surface of the nonpiezoelectric plate by a decrease or a disappearance in magnitude of the electric signal E_(R), picks out the pair of switches W_(i) turned on when the decrease or the disappearance in magnitude of the electric signal E_(R) happens, specifies a touch-position corresponding with the picked out pair of switches W_(i), and produces an image corresponding to the touch-position on the display panel.

According to a further aspect of the present invention there are provided two amplifiers A_(X) and A_(Y). An input terminal of the phase shifter S_(T) in the elastic wave transducing unit Y is connected with an output terminal of the phase shifter S_(R) in the elastic wave transducing unit X via the amplifier A_(X). An input terminal of the phase shifter S_(T) in the elastic wave transducing unit X is connected with an output terminal of the phase shifter S_(R) in the elastic wave transducing unit Y via the amplifier A_(Y). The phase shifter S_(T) in the elastic wave transducing unit X, the pairs of switches W_(i) in the elastic wave transducing unit X, the propagation lanes U_(Xi) as delay elements, the phase shifter S_(R) in the elastic wave transducing unit X, the amplifier A_(X), the phase shifter S_(T) in the elastic wave transducing unit Y, the pairs of switches W_(i) in the elastic wave transducing unit Y, the propagation lanes U_(Yi) as delay elements, the phase shifter S_(R) in the elastic wave transducing unit Y, and the amplifier A_(Y) form N oscillators H_(i) (i=1, 2, . . . , N).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Other features and advantages of the invention will be clarified from the following description with reference to the attached drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of the elastic wave position-sensing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a plan view of interdigital transducer T_(Xi).

FIG. 3 shows a fragmentary perspective view of the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 shows a plan view of glass plate 1 with piezoelectric substrates P_(TX), P_(RX), P_(TY) and P_(RY), on which interdigital transducers T_(Xi), R_(X), T_(Yi) and R_(Y) are mounted.

FIG. 5 shows a diagram of a driving circuit of the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 1.

FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of an elastic wave position-sensing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows a plan view of interdigital transducer I_(TXi).

FIG. 8 shows a diagram of a driving circuit of the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 6.

FIG. 9 shows a sectional view of an elastic wave position-sensing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 shows a sectional view of an elastic wave position-sensing device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 shows a relationship between the phase velocity of the elastic wave for each mode in piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) alone in FIG. 9, and the FD value.

FIG. 12 shows a relationship between the FD value and the K² value.

FIG. 13 shows a relationship between the phase velocity of the elastic wave for each mode in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) in FIG. 9, and the FD value.

FIG. 14 shows a relationship between the phase velocity of the elastic wave for each mode in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) in FIG. 1, and the FD value.

FIG. 15 shows a relationship between the phase velocity of the elastic wave for each mode in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) in FIG. 9, and the FD value.

FIG. 16 shows a relationship between the phase velocity of the elastic wave for each mode in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) in FIG. 1, and the FD value.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENTLY PREFERRED EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of an elastic wave position-sensing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The elastic wave position-sensing device comprises glass plate 1 with a dimension of 150 μm in thickness, display panel 2, driving unit 3, frame 4 and two elastic wave transducing units X and Y. Elastic wave transducing unit X comprises piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) having two end surfaces running perpendicular to the thickness direction thereof, piezoelectric substrate P_(RX) having two end surfaces running perpendicular to the thickness direction thereof, eight interdigital transducers T_(Xi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8) formed on one end surface of piezoelectric substrate P_(TX), interdigital transducer R_(X) formed on one end surface of piezoelectric substrate P_(RX), eight earth electrodes G_(TXi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8) formed on the other end surface of piezoelectric substrate P_(TX), earth electrode G_(RX) formed on the other end surface of piezoelectric substrate P_(RX), two phase shifters S_(TX) and S_(RX), amplifier A_(X), and eight pairs of switches W_(Xi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8). Elastic wave transducing unit Y comprises piezoelectric substrate P_(TY) having two end surfaces running perpendicular to the thickness direction thereof, piezoelectric substrate P_(RY) having two end surfaces running perpendicular to the thickness direction thereof, eight interdigital transducers T_(Yi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8) formed on one end surface of piezoelectric substrate P_(TY), interdigital transducer R_(Y) formed on one end surface of piezoelectric substrate P_(RY), eight earth electrodes G_(TYi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8) formed on the other end surface of piezoelectric substrate P_(TY), earth electrode G_(RY) formed on the other end surface of piezoelectric substrate P_(RY), two phase shifters S_(TY) and S_(RY), amplifier A_(Y), and eight pairs of switches W_(Yi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8). FIG. 1 shows only glass plate 1, display panel 2, driving unit 3, frame 4 and elastic wave transducing unit X. In FIG. 1, a connection of driving unit 3 with display panel 2 is not drawn. Each piezoelectric substrate, of which material is TDK-101A (Brand name), has a dimension of 1.5 mm in thickness. Interdigital transducers T_(Xi), R_(X), T_(Yi) and R_(Y), made from aluminium thin film, are mounted on piezoelectric substrates P_(TX), P_(RX), P_(TY) and P_(RY), respectively, which are cemented on the edge of one end surface of glass plate 1 through an epoxy resin with thickness of about 20 μm. Earth electrode G_(TXi) corresponding to interdigital transducer T_(Xi) is located between piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) and glass plate 1. Earth electrode G_(RX) corresponding to interdigital transducer R_(X) is located between piezoelectric substrate P_(RX) and glass plate 1. Earth electrode G_(TYi) corresponding to interdigital transducer T_(Yi) is located between piezoelectric substrate P_(TY) and glass plate 1. Earth electrode G_(RY) corresponding to interdigital transducer R_(Y) is located between piezoelectric substrate P_(RY) and glass plate 1. Display panel 2 is mounted on a central part of the end surface, with piezoelectric substrates P_(TX), P_(RX), P_(TY) and P_(RY), of glass plate 1. The edge of the other end surface, without piezoelectric substrates P_(TX), P_(RX), P_(TY) and P_(RY), of glass plate 1, is connected with frame 4 protecting the inside of the elastic wave position-sensing device from invader, for example, food and drink such as coffee, mayonnaise and so on, dropped on a central part of the other end surface of glass plate 1, the other end surface of glass plate 1 being called a touch face from now on. Piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) is composed of eight piezoelectric parts P_(TXi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8) corresponding to eight interdigital transducers T_(Xi), respectively. Piezoelectric substrate P_(TY) is composed of eight piezoelectric parts P_(TYi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8) corresponding to eight interdigital transducers T_(Yi), respectively. Glass plate 1 is composed of eight parts 1_(Xi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8) adjacent to eight piezoelectric parts P_(TXi), a part adjacent to piezoelectric substrate P_(RX), eight parts 1_(Yi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8) adjacent to eight piezoelectric parts P_(TYi), a part adjacent to piezoelectric substrate P_(RY), and the remaining part adjacent to display panel 2. Piezoelectric parts P_(TXi) and the parts 1_(Xi) form eight bilayer zones L_(TXi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8). Piezoelectric substrate P_(RX) and the part, of glass plate 1, adjacent to piezoelectric substrate P_(RX) form a bilayer zone L_(RX). Piezoelectric parts P_(TYi) and the parts 1_(Yi) form eight bilayer zones L_(TYi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8). Piezoelectric substrate P_(RY) and the part, of glass plate 1, adjacent to piezoelectric substrate P_(RY) form a bilayer zone L_(RY). The remaining part, of glass plate 1, adjacent to display panel 2 forms a monolayer zone.

FIG. 2 shows a plan view of interdigital transducer T_(Xi) comprising two electrodes T_(Xi-1) and T_(Xi-2). Interdigital transducer T_(Yi), comprising two electrodes T_(Yi-1) and T_(Yi-2), has the same parallelogram-type construction as interdigital transducer T_(Xi), consisting of ten finger pairs and having an interdigital periodicity p of 1.6 mm. Interdigital transducer R_(X), comprising two electrodes R_(X-1) and R_(X-2), and interdigital transducer R_(Y), comprising two electrodes R_(Y-1) and R_(Y-2), have the same parallelogram-type construction as interdigital transducer T_(Xi), with the exception in length of electrode finger. Each interdigital transducer has two kinds of distances between one electrode finger and two neighboring electrode fingers, the shorter distance xp being 400 μm.

FIG. 3 shows a fragmentary perspective view of the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 1. Interdigital transducer T_(Xi) and earth electrode G_(TXi) are connected with phase shifter S_(TX) including a coil L₁, via a pair of switches W_(Xi). For example, interdigital transducer T_(X1) and earth electrode G_(TX1) are connected with phase shifter S_(TX) via a pair of switches W_(X1), which is not drawn in FIG. 3. Interdigital transducer T_(Yi) and earth electrode G_(TYi) are connected with phase shifter S_(TY) including a coil L₁, via a pair of switches W_(Yi). Interdigital transducer R_(X) and earth electrode G_(RX) are connected with phase shifter S_(RX) including a coil L₂. Interdigital transducer R_(Y) and earth electrode G_(RY) are connected with phase shifter S_(RY) including a coil L₂.

FIG. 4 shows a plan view of glass plate 1 with piezoelectric substrates P_(TX), P_(RX), P_(TY) and P_(RY), on which interigital transducers T_(Xi), R_(X), T_(Yi) and R_(Y) are mounted.

FIG. 5 shows a diagram of a driving circuit of the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 1. Driving unit 3 comprises rectifier 5, comparator 6 and controlling system 7. A pair of switches W_(Xi) comprises two switches W_(Xi-1) and W_(Xi-2), output terminals of switches W_(Xi-1) and W_(Xi-2) being connected with input terminals of electrodes T_(Xi-1) and T_(Xi-2), respectively. A pair of switches W_(Yi) comprises two switches W_(Yi-1) and W_(Yi-2), output terminals of switches W_(Yi-1) and W_(Yi-2) being connected with input terminals of electrodes T_(Yi-1) and T_(Yi-2), respectively. In FIG. 5, connections of controlling system 7 with eight pairs of switches W_(Xi) and eight pairs of switches W_(Yi) are not drawn.

When operating the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 1, an electric signal E_(T) having a frequency approximately corresponding to the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer T_(Xi) is divided into two electric signals E_(T1) and E_(T2), with the phase difference 2πy, by phase shifter S_(TX), and then, the electric signals E_(T1) and E_(T2) are applied between electrode T_(Xi-1) and earth electrode G_(TXi), and between electrode T_(Xi-2) and earth electrode G_(TXi), respectively, via switches W_(Xi-1) and W_(Xi-2). In this time, if x<1/2 in the shorter distance xp with respect to interdigital transducer T_(Xi) in FIG. 2, and moreover, x+y=±1/2 in the phase difference 2πy between the electric signals E_(T1) and E_(T2), the unidirectional elastic wave, of the S_(o) mode and the higher order modes having the wavelength approximately equal to the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer T_(Xi), is excited in the bilayer zone L_(TXi). For example, if x=1/4, y=1/4 or y=-3/4. Thus, when xp=400 μm with respect to interdigital transducer T_(Xi) as shown in FIG. 2, and moreover, 2πy=π/2(90°) or 2πy=-3π/2(-270°), the unidirectional elastic wave is excited in the bilayer zone L_(TXi). The excitation of the unidirectional elastic wave generates no reflection of an elastic wave at the side surface, being in contact with air, of the bilayer zone L_(TXi), so that seldom or never makes a noise. In addition, the excitation of the unidirectional elastic wave reduces a waste of an electric energy applied to interdigital transducer T_(Xi), causing the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 1 to be operated under low power consumption with low voltage.

If the phase velocity of the unidirectional elastic wave excited in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) is approximately equal to the phase velocity V_(fd=0), of the S_(o) mode elastic wave, corresponding to a condition that the product FD of the frequency F of the unidirectional elastic wave excited in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) and the thickness D of piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) is zero, the transducing efficiency from the electric signal E_(T) to the unidirectional elastic wave increases, and in addition, the reflection caused by the miss-matching on the acoustic impedance at the boundary surface between glass plate 1 and piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) never causes.

If the thickness D of piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) is approximately equal to or smaller than the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer T_(Xi), and if the thickness of glass plate 1 is equal to or smaller than the thickness D of piezoelectric substrate P_(TX), the unidirectional elastic wave of the S_(o) mode and the higher order modes is excited in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) effectively, and the transducing efficiency from the electric signal E_(T) to the unidirectional elastic wave increases.

If using a piezoelectric ceramic having the polarization axis parallel to the thickness direction thereof, as piezoelectric substrate P_(TX), the unidirectional elastic wave of the S_(o) mode and the higher order modes is excited in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) effectively, and the transducing efficiency from the electric signal E_(T) to the unidirectional elastic wave increases.

If using a piezoelectric polymer such as PVDF and so on, as piezoelectric substrate P_(TX), the unidirectional elastic wave of the S_(o) mode and the higher order modes is excited in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) effectively, and the transducing efficiency from the electric signal E_(T) to the unidirectional elastic wave increases.

If using a glass, as glass plate 1, such that the phase velocity of the elastic wave in glass plate 1 alone is approximately equal to that in piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) alone, the unidirectional elastic wave of the S_(o) mode and the higher order modes is excited in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) effectively, and the transducing efficiency from the electric signal E_(T) to the unidirectional elastic wave increases.

The unidirectional elastic wave in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) is transmitted to the monolayer zone. If using a material, as display panel 2, such that the phase velocity of the elastic wave in display panel 2 is higher than that in glass plate 1 alone, the unidirectional elastic wave in the monolayer zone is not leaked in display panel 2.

The unidirectional elastic wave in the monolayer zone is transmitted to the bilayer zone L_(RX). Interdigital transducer R_(X) is located so that the elastic wave transmitting direction from interdigital transducer T_(Xi) and the elastic wave receiving direction at interdigital transducer R_(X) overlap each other, as shown in FIG. 4. Accordingly, if x<1/2 in the shorter distance xp with respect to interdigital transduce R_(X) in FIG. 2, the unidirectional elastic wave, in the bilayer zone L_(RX), having the wavelength approximately equal to the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer R_(X), is transduced to an electric signal E_(R1) between electrode R_(X-1) and earth electrode G_(RX), and an electric signal E_(R2) between electrode R_(X-2) and earth electrode G_(RX). In this time, x+y=±1/2 in the phase difference 2πy between the electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2). For example, if x=1/4, y=1/4 or y=-3/4. Thus, when xp=400 μm with respect to interdigital transduce R_(X) as shown in FIG. 2, the electric signals E_(R1), and E_(R2), where 2πy=π/2(90°) or 2πy=-3π/2(-270°), are delivered between electrode R_(X-1) and earth electrode G_(RX), and between electrode R_(X-2) and earth electrode G_(RX), respectively. Each of the electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2) has a frequency approximately corresponding to the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer R_(X).

If the phase velocity of the unidirectional elastic wave in the bilayer zone L_(RX) is approximately equal to the phase velocity V_(fd=0), of the S_(o) mode elastic wave, corresponding to a condition that the product FD of the frequency F of the unidirectional elastic wave transmitted to the bilayer zone L_(RX) and the thickness D of piezoelectric substrate P_(RX) is zero, the transducing efficiency from the unidirectional elastic wave to the electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2) increases, and in addition, the reflection caused by the miss-matching on the acoustic impedance at the boundary surface between glass plate 1 and piezoelectric substrate P_(RX) never causes.

If the thickness D of piezoelectric substrate P_(RX) is approximately equal to or smaller than the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer R_(X), and if the thickness of glass plate 1 is equal to or smaller than the thickness D of piezoelectric substrate P_(RX), the unidirectional elastic wave in the monolayer zone is transmitted to the bilayer zone L_(RX) effectively, and the transducing efficiency from the unidirectional elastic wave to the electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2) increases.

If using a piezoelectric ceramic having the polarization axis parallel to the thickness direction thereof, as piezoelectric substrate P_(RX), the unidirectional elastic wave in the monolayer zone is transmitted to the bilayer zone L_(RX) effectively, and the transducing efficiency from the unidirectional elastic wave to the electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2) increases.

If using a piezoelectric polymer such as PVDF and so on, as piezoelectric substrate P_(RX), the unidirectional elastic wave in the monolayer zone is transmitted to the bilayer zone L_(RX) effectively, and the transducing efficiency from the unidirectional elastic wave to the electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2) increases.

If using a glass, as glass plate 1, such that the phase velocity of the elastic wave in glass plate 1 alone is approximately equal to that in piezoelectric substrate P_(RX) alone, the unidirectional elastic wave in the monolayer zone is transmitted to the bilayer zone L_(RX) effectively, and the transducing efficiency from the unidirectional elastic wave to the electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2) increases.

The electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2) are combined and detected as an electric signal E_(R) at phase shifter S_(RX). The electric signal E_(R) is amplified via amplifier A_(X). An electric signal 1, which is a part of the amplified electric signal via amplifier A_(X) and is corresponding to the electric signal E_(T), is divided into two electric signals E_(T1) and E_(T2) by phase shifter S_(TY). The electric signals E_(T1) and E_(T2) are applied between electrode T_(Yi-1) and earth electrode G_(TYi), and between electrode T_(Yi-2) and earth electrode G_(TYi), respectively, via switches W_(Yi-1) and W_(Yi-2). An electric signal 2, which is the remaining part of the amplified electric signal via amplifier A_(X), is transmitted to controlling system 7 via rectifier 5 and comparator 6. Elastic wave transducing unit Y is equivalent to elastic wave transducing unit X. Thus, when the electric signals E_(T1) and E_(T2) are applied between electrode T_(Yi-1) and earth electrode G_(TYi), and between electrode T_(Yi-2) and earth electrode G_(TYi), respectively, the unidirectional elastic wave, of the S_(o) mode and the higher order modes having the wavelength approximately equal to the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer T_(Yi), is excited in the bilayer zone L_(TYi). The elastic wave is transmitted to the monolayer zone. The elastic wave in the monolayer zone is transmitted to the bilayer zone L_(RY). The elastic wave, in the bilayer zone L_(RY), having the wavelength approximately equal to the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer R_(Y), is transduced to an electric signal E_(R1) between electrode R_(Y-1) and earth electrode G_(RY), and an electric signal E_(R2) between electrode R_(Y-2) and earth electrode G_(RY). The electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2) are combined and detected as an electric signal E_(R) at phase shifter S_(RY). The electric signal E_(R) is amplified via amplifier A_(Y). An electric signal 3, which is a part of the amplified electric signal via amplifier A_(Y), is transmitted to phase shifter S_(TX), and an electric signal 4, which is the remaining part of the amplified electric signal via amplifier A_(Y), is transmitted to controlling system 7 via rectifier 5 and comparator 6.

Controlling system 7 plays five roles. The first role is to turn on and off eight pairs of switches W_(Xi) with a fixed period in turn, and eight pairs of switches W_(Yi) with a fixed period in turn, eight pairs of switches W_(Xi) being closed in turn while a pair of switches W_(Yi) is closed. In this time, switches W_(Xi-1) and W_(Xi-2) are in the same condition each other, and switches W_(Yi-1) and W_(Yi-2) are in the same condition each other. The second role is to keep a check on a magnitude of the electric signal E_(R). The third role is to sense a touch with a finger or others under a fixed or more pressure on the touch face by a decrease or a disappearance in magnitude of the electric signal E_(R). The fourth role is to pick out the pair of switches W_(Xi) closed when a decrease or a disappearance in magnitude of the electric signal E_(R) at phase shifter S_(R) X happens, and the pair of switches W_(Yi) closed when a decrease or a disappearance in magnitude of the electric signal E_(R) at phase shifter S_(RY) happens, and then specifying a touch-position, corresponding with the picked out pairs of switches W_(Xi) and W_(Yi), on the touch face. The last role is to produce an image corresponding to the touch-position on display panel 2.

Because the elastic wave travels the inside of the monolayer zone instead of the surface thereof, both the surfaces thereof can be used for touching with a finger or others, or for having display panel 2 installed, besides, the elastic wave is not intercepted by touching with a finger or others under only a little pressure on the surface thereof. Accordingly, the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 1 is not affected by, for example, only a light touch with a finger or others on the touch face, food and drink such as coffee or mayonnaise dropped on the touch face, and so on. Therefore, it is possible to provide the elastic wave position-sensing device sensing a touch with a finger or others only under a fixed or more pressure on the touch face.

Elastic wave transducing unit X has eight propagation lanes U_(Xi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8) of the elastic wave in the monolayer zone between the bilayer zone L_(TXi) and the bilayer zone L_(RX). Elastic wave transducing unit Y has eight propagation lanes U_(Yi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8) of the elastic wave in the monolayer zone between the bilayer zone L_(TYi) and the bilayer zone L_(RY), the propagation lane U_(Xi) being vertical to the propagation lane U_(Yi). If touching a crossing point of propagation lanes U_(Xi) and U_(Yi) under a fixed or more pressure on the touch face with a pen, the elastic wave is intercepted at the crossing point. Therefore, the magnitude of the electric signal E_(R) at phase shifter S_(RX) and the magnitude of the electric signal E_(R) at phase shifter S_(RY) are decreased or disappeared. Thus, it is possible to sense a touch with the pen on the touch face, moreover, to specify a touch-position corresponding to the crossing point with a high sensitivity and a quick response time. If touching, for example, a crossing point of propagation lanes U_(X3) and U_(Y5), a decrease or a disappearance in magnitude of the electric signal E_(R) at phase shifter S_(RX) happens only when the pair of switches W_(Y3) is closed, and a decrease or a disappearance in magnitude of the electric signal E_(R) at phase shifter S_(RY) happens only when the pair of switches WY₅ is closed. Thus, it is possible to specify a touch-position on the touch face by picking out a pair of switches W_(Xi) closed when a decrease or a disappearance in magnitude of the electric signal E_(R) at phase shifter S_(RX) happens, and a pair of switches W_(Yi) closed when a decrease or a disappearance in magnitude of the electric signal E_(R) at phase shifter S_(RY) happens. An image corresponding to the touch-position is produced on display panel 2.

Each interdigital transducer has the parallelogram-type construction as shown in FIG. 2. Besides, interdigital transducers T_(Xi) are arranged as they stand in a line, as shown in FIG. 4, and interdigital transducers T are similar to interdigital transducers T_(Xi). Therefore, two neighbors of propagation lanes U_(Xi) are closed, and two neighbors of propagation lanes U_(Yi) are also closed, so that there is no gap between two neighbors of propagation lanes U_(Xi), and between two neighbors of propagation lanes U_(Yi). Thus, all the touch face is of practical use, in other words, a response to a touch on the touch face is obtained without fail. As a result, it is possible to specify a touch-position on the touch face with precision. In addition, in case that two neighbors of propagation lanes U_(Xi) are partially overlapping each other, the two neighbors of propagation lanes U_(Xi) are specified if touching an overlapping area of the two neighbors of propagation lanes U_(Xi) on the touch face. Accordingly, it becomes clear that the touch-position on the touch face is located between the two neighbors of propagation lanes U_(Xi). Regarding two neighbors of propagation lanes U_(Yi) partially overlapping each other, the touch-position is specified in the same way.

Input terminal of phase shifter S_(TY) is connected with output terminal of phase shifter S_(RX) via amplifier A_(X), on the other hand, input terminal of phase shifter S_(TX) is connected with output terminal of phase shifter S_(RY) via amplifier A_(Y). As a result, phase shifter S_(TX), pairs of switches W_(Xi), propagation lanes U_(Xi) as delay elements, phase shifter S_(RX), amplifier A_(X), phase shifter S_(TY), pairs of switches W_(Yi), propagation lanes U_(Yi) as delay elements, phase shifter S_(RY), and amplifier A_(Y) form eight oscillators H_(i) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8). Oscillator H_(i) enables the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 1 to have a small-sized circuit with a simple structure. The small-sized circuit causes the elastic wave position-sensing device to have a small size which is very light in weight, and to be operated under low power consumption with low voltage.

FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of an elastic wave position-sensing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 6 has the same construction as the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 1, excepting elastic wave transducing units X and Y. Elastic wave transducing unit X in FIG. 6 comprises piezoelectric substrate P_(TX), piezoelectric substrate P_(RX), eight interdigital transducers I_(TXi) (i=1, 2, . . . 8) formed on one end surface of piezoelectric substrate P_(TX), interdigital transducer I_(RX) formed on one end surface of piezoelectric substrate P_(RX), amplifier A_(X), and eight switches C_(Xi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8). Elastic wave transducing unit Y in FIG. 6 comprises piezoelectric substrate P_(TY), piezoelectric substrate P_(RY) eight interdigital transducers I_(TYi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8) formed on one end surface of piezoelectric substrate P_(TY), interdigital transducer I_(RY) formed on one end surface of piezoelectric substrate P_(RY), amplifier A_(Y), and eight switches C_(Yi) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8). FIG. 6 shows only glass plate 1, display panel 2, driving unit 3 comprising rectifier 5, comparator 6 and controlling system 7, frame 4 and elastic wave transducing unit X. In FIG. 6, a connection of driving unit 3 with display panel 2 is not drawn. Interdigital transducers I_(TXi), I_(RX), I_(TYi) and I_(RY), made from aluminium thin film, are mounted on piezoelectric substrates P_(TX), P_(RX), P_(TY) and P_(RY), respectively, which are cemented on the edge of one end surface of acryl plate 1 through an epoxy resin with thickness of about 20 μm.

FIG. 7 shows a plan view of interdigital transducer I_(TXi). Interdigital transducers I_(TXi) and I_(TYi) have the same construction each other. Interdigital transducers I_(RX) and I_(RY) have the same construction as interdigital transducers I_(TXi) with the exception in length of electrode finger. Interdigital transducer I_(TXi) has a parallelogram-type construction consisting of ten finger pairs and having an interdigital periodicity p of 1.6 mm. Interdigital transducer I_(TXi) has the same construction as interdigital transducer T_(Xi) in FIG. 2, except that interdigital transducer T_(Xi) has two kinds of distances between one electrode finger and two neighboring electrode fingers. Interdigital transducer I_(TXi) has an equal distance between two electrode fingers. Output terminals of switches C_(Xi) and C_(Yi) are connected with input terminals of interdigital transducers I_(TXi) and I_(TYi), respectively.

FIG. 8 shows a diagram of a driving circuit of the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 6. In FIG. 8, connections of controlling system 7 with switches C_(Xi) and C_(Yi) are not drawn.

When operating the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 6, an electric signal E_(T) having a frequency approximately corresponding to the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer I_(TXi) is applied to interdigital transducer I_(TXi) via switches C_(Xi). In this time, the elastic wave, of the S_(o) mode and the higher order modes having the wavelength approximately equal to the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer I_(TXi), is excited in the bilayer zone L_(TXi). The elastic wave in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) is transmitted to the bilayer zone L_(RX) through the monolayer zone. The elastic wave in the bilayer zone L_(RX) having the wavelength approximately equal to the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer I_(RX) is transduced to an electric signal E_(R) with a frequency approximately corresponding to the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer I_(RX), at interdigital transducer I_(RX). The electric signal E_(R) is amplified via amplifier A_(X). An electric signal 1, which is a part of the amplified electric signal via amplifier A_(X) and is corresponding to the electric signal E_(T), is applied to interdigital transducer I_(TYi) via switches C_(Yi). An electric signal 2, which is the remaining part of the amplified electric signal via amplifier A_(X), is transmitted to controlling system 7 via rectifier 5 and comparator 6. Elastic wave transducing unit Y is equivalent to elastic wave transducing unit X. Thus, when the electric signal E_(T) is applied to interdigital transducer I_(TYi), the elastic wave, of the S_(o) mode and the higher order modes having the wavelength approximately equal to the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer I_(TYi), is excited in the bilayer zone L_(TYi). The elastic wave in the bilayer zone L_(TYi) is transmitted to the bilayer zone L_(RY) through the monolayer zone. The elastic wave in the bilayer zone L_(RY) having the wavelength approximately equal to the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer I_(RY) is transduced to an electric signal E_(R) with a frequency approximately corresponding to the interdigital periodicity p of interdigital transducer I_(RY), at interdigital transducer I_(RY). The electric signal E_(R) is amplified via amplifier A_(Y). An electric signal 3, which is a part of the amplified electric signal via amplifier A_(Y) is applied to interdigital transducer I_(TXi) via switches C_(Xi). An electric signal 4, which is the remaining part of the amplified electric signal via amplifier A_(Y), is transmitted to controlling system 7 via rectifier 5 and comparator 6.

In the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 6, the first role of controlling system 7 is to turn on and off switches C_(Xi) and C_(Yi) with a fixed period in turn, switches C_(Xi) being closed in turn while one of switches C_(Yi) is closed. The second role is to keep a check on a magnitude of the electric signal E_(R). The third role is to sense a touch with a finger or others under a fixed or more pressure on the touch face by a decrease or a disappearance in magnitude of the electric signal E_(R). The fourth role is to pick out the switch C_(Xi) closed when a decrease or a disappearance in magnitude of the electric signal E_(R) happens, and the switch C_(Yi) closed when a decrease or a disappearance in magnitude of the electric signal E_(R) happens, and then specifying a touch-position, corresponding with the picked out switches C_(Xi) and C_(Yi), on the touch face. The last role is to produce an image corresponding to the touch-position on display panel 2. Thus, it is possible to specify a touch-position on the touch face, and moreover, an image corresponding to the touch-position is produced on display panel 2. Input terminal of switch C_(Xi) is connected with output terminal of interdigital transducer I_(RY) via amplifier A_(Y), and input terminal of switch C_(Yi) is connected with output terminal of interdigital transducer I_(RX) via amplifier A_(X). As a result, switches C_(Xi), propagation lanes U_(Xi) as delay elements, amplifier A_(X), switches C_(Yi), propagation lanes U_(Yi) as delay elements, and amplifier A_(Y) form eight oscillators H_(i) (i=1, 2, . . . , 8). Oscillator H_(i) enables the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 6 to have a small-sized circuit with a simple structure. The small-sized circuit causes the elastic wave position-sensing device to have a small size which is very light in weight, and to be operated under low power consumption with low voltage. Though each interdigital transducer is located between each piezoelectric substrate and glass plate 1 in FIG. 6, each interdigital transducer is able to be located on the top surface, being not in touch with glass plate 1, of each piezoelectric substrate.

Compared with the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 6, the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 1 can be operated under still lower power consumption owing to the excitation of the unidirectional elastic wave. In addition, no reflection of an elastic wave generates at the side surface of the bilayer zone L_(TXi) in FIG. 1 because of the excitation of the unidirectional elastic wave. Therefore, the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 1 has little or no noise, so that has a still higher sensitivity.

FIG. 9 shows a sectional view of an elastic wave position-sensing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 9 has the same construction as the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 1, except for dimension of each piezoelectric substrate, and using of glass plate 8 in place of glass plate 1. FIG. 9 shows only frame 4, glass plate 8, piezoelectric substrates P_(TX), P_(RX), interdigital transducers T_(Xi), R_(X), earth electrodes G_(TXi) and G_(RX). Glass plate 8 has a dimension of 1 mm in thickness. Each piezoelectric substrate has a dimension of 1 mm in thickness. Each interdigital transducer has an interdigital periodicity p of 1.6 mm, and has two kinds of distances between one electrode finger and two neighboring electrode fingers, the shorter distance xp being 400 μm. Display panel 2, which is not drawn in FIG. 9, is mounted on the central part of one end surface of glass plate 8 in the same way as FIG. 1. The elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 9 is operated in the same way as FIG. 1, and has the same effect as FIG. 1.

FIG. 10 shows a sectional view of an elastic wave position-sensing device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 10 has the same construction as the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 6, except for dimension of each piezoelectric substrate, and using of glass plate 8 in place of glass plate 1. FIG. 10 shows only frame 4, glass plate 8, piezoelectric substrates P_(TX), P_(RX), interdigital transducers I_(TXi) and I_(RX). Each piezoelectric substrate has a dimension of 1 mm in thickness. Each interdigital transducer has an interdigital periodicity p of 1.6 mm. Display panel 2, which is not drawn in FIG. 10, is mounted on the central part of one end surface of glass plate 8 in the same way as FIG. 1. The elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 10 is operated in the same way as FIG. 6, and has the same effect as FIG. 6.

Compared with the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 10, the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 9 can be operated under still lower power consumption owing to the excitation of the unidirectional elastic wave. In addition, no reflection of an elastic wave generates at the side surface of the bilayer zone L_(TXi) in FIG. 9 because of the excitation of the unidirectional elastic wave. Therefore, the elastic wave position-sensing device in FIG. 9 has little or no noise, so that has a still higher sensitivity.

FIG. 11 shows a relationship between the phase velocity of the elastic wave for each mode in piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) alone in FIG. 9, and the product FD of the frequency F of the elastic wave and the thickness D of piezoelectric substrate P_(TX). Piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) has a shear wave (vg-t) velocity of 2450 m/s and a longitudinal wave (vg-1) velocity of 4390 m/s traveling the inside of piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) alone.

FIG. 12 shows a relationship between the FD value and the K² value calculated from the difference between the phase velocity under electrically opened condition and that under electrically shorted condition of piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) in FIG. 9. In FIG. 12, glass plate 8 is made from a glass having a shear wave velocity of 3091 m/s and a longitudinal wave velocity of 5592 m/s traveling the glass alone. The velocities of 3091 m/s and 5592 m/s are about 1.3 times the velocities of a shear- and a longitudinal waves, 2450 m/s and 4390 m/s, respectively, in piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) alone. The A_(o) mode elastic wave has the K² value under 5%. Accordingly, it is clear that the elastic wave of all the modes, except for the A_(o) mode, that is the elastic wave of the S_(o) mode and the higher order modes, is excited in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) effectively. An electric energy applied to interdigital transducer T_(Xi) is most effectively transduced to the S₁ mode elastic wave when the FD value is approximately 1.9 MHz·mm, then the K² value is approximately 20% being the maximum value. An electric energy applied to interdigital transducer T_(Xi) is transduced to the higher order mode elastic wave sufficiently. In the same way, an electric energy applied to interdigital transducer T_(Yi) is most effectively transduced to the S₁ mode elastic wave, and is transduced to the higher order mode elastic wave sufficiently. The elastic wave of the S_(o) mode and the higher order modes is effectively transduced to an electric energy at interdigital transducers R_(X) and R_(Y), respectively.

FIG. 13 shows a relationship between the phase velocity of the elastic wave for each mode in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) in FIG. 9, and the FD value. In FIG. 13, glass plate 8 is made from the same glass as FIG. 12. The V_(fd=0) value is 4070 m/s, the V_(fd=0) value showing the phase velocity of the S_(o) mode elastic wave, corresponding to a condition that the product FD of the frequency F of the elastic wave excited in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) and the thickness D of piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) is zero. Each point at the mark ◯ shows the FD value in which an electric energy applied to interdigital transducer T_(Xi) is most effectively transduced to the elastic wave of each mode, the FD value being calculated from the maximum K² value in FIG. 12. Also, each point at the mark ◯ shows the phase velocity corresponding to the FD value with the maximum K² value, the phase velocity being approximately equal to the V_(fd=0) value. Thus, the FD value, in which the phase velocity of the elastic wave in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) is approximately equal to the V_(fd=0) value, gives the maximum K² value. In the same way, the FD value, in which the phase velocity of the elastic wave in the bilayer zone L_(TYi) is approximately equal to the V_(fd=0) value, gives the maximum K² value. Moreover, the FD value, in which the phase velocity of the elastic wave in the bilayer zone L_(RX) or L_(RY) is approximately equal to the V_(fd=0) value, gives the maximum K² value, the V_(fd=0) value showing the phase velocity of the S_(o) mode elastic wave, corresponding to a condition that the product FD of the frequency F of the elastic wave transmitted to the bilayer zone L_(RX) or L_(RY) and the thickness D of piezoelectric substrate P_(RX) or P_(RY) is zero.

FIG. 14 shows a relationship between the phase velocity of the elastic wave for each mode in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) in FIG. 1, and the FD value. In FIG. 14, glass plate 1 is made from the same glass as FIG. 12. The V_(fd=0) value is 3650 m/s. The phase velocity of the elastic wave at the mark ◯ is approximately equal to the V_(fd=0) value.

FIG. 15 shows a relationship between the phase velocity of the elastic wave for each mode in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) in FIG. 9, and the FD value. In FIG. 15, glass plate 8 is made from a glass having a shear wave velocity of 2297 m/s and a longitudinal wave velocity of 4155 m/s traveling the glass alone. The velocities of 2297 m/s and 4155 m/s are about 0.9 times the velocities of a shear- and a longitudinal waves, 2450 m/s and 4390 m/s, respectively, in piezoelectric substrate P_(TX) alone. The V_(fd=0) value is 3670 m/s. The phase velocity of the elastic wave at the mark ◯ is approximately equal to the V_(fd=0) value.

FIG. 16 shows a relationship between the phase velocity of the elastic wave for each mode in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) in FIG. 1, and the FD value. In FIG. 16, glass plate 1 is made from the same glass as FIG. 15. The V_(fd=0) value is 3600 m/s. The phase velocity of the elastic wave at the mark ◯ is approximately equal to the V_(fd=0) value.

It is clear from FIGS. 13˜16 that the phase velocity at the FD value providing the maximum K² value is approximately equal to the V_(fd=0) value. In addition, an electric energy applied to interdigital transducer T_(Xi) or T_(Yi) is transduced to the elastic wave effectively in the bilayer zone L_(TXi) or L_(TYi) in FIG. 9, compared with FIG. 1. In the same way, the elastic wave transmitted to the bilayer zone L_(RX) or L_(RY) is transduced to an electric energy effectively at interdigital transducer R_(X) or R_(Y) in FIG. 9, compared with FIG. 1. Thus, a transducing efficiency from an electric energy to an elastic wave, or from an elastic wave to an electric energy increases, when each piezoelectric substrate has substantially the same dimension in thickness as each glass plate. In addition, the transducing efficiency increases when the phase velocity of the elastic wave in each glass plate alone is about 0.9˜1.3 times the velocity of the elastic wave in each piezoelectric substrate alone, that is, when the phase velocity of the elastic wave in each glass plate alone is approximately equal to that in each piezoelectric substrate alone.

While this invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiment, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An elastic wave position-sensing device comprising:at least two elastic wave transducing units X and Y, each thereof consisting of a piezoelectric substrate P_(T) having two end surfaces running perpendicular to the direction of the thickness D thereof, and comprising N piezoelectric parts P_(Ti) (i=1, 2, . . . , N), a piezoelectric substrate P_(R) having two end surfaces running perpendicular to the direction of the thickness D thereof, N interdigital transducers I_(Ti) (i=1, 2, . . . , N), each thereof being formed on one end surface of each of said piezoelectric parts P_(Ti), said thickness D of said piezoelectric substrate P_(T) being approximately equal to or smaller than an interdigital periodicity p of said interdigital transducer I_(Ti), an interdigital transducer I_(R) formed on one end surface of said piezoelectric substrate P_(R) and having an interdigital periodicity equal to said interdigital periodicity p, said thickness D of said piezoelectric substrate P_(R) being approximately equal to or smaller than said interdigital periodicity p, and N switches C_(i) (i=1, 2, . . . , N), an output terminal of each thereof being connected with an input terminal of each of said interdigital transducers I_(Ti) ; a nonpiezoelectric plate having two end surfaces, the thickness of said nonpiezoelectric plate being equal to or smaller than said thickness D of said piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R), said piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R) being mounted on one or the other end surface of said nonpiezoelectric plate, said nonpiezoelectric plate comprising N nonpiezoelectric parts _(Ti) (i=1, 2, . . . , N) adjacent to said piezoelectric parts P_(Ti), a nonpiezoelectric part _(R) adjacent to said piezoelectric substrate P_(R), and the remaining nonpiezoelectric part; a display panel, mounted on said one end surface of said nonpiezoelectric plate; and a controlling system connected with said elastic wave transducing units X and Y, and said display panel, said piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R), and said nonpiezoelectric plate formingN bilayer zones L_(Ti) (i=1, 2, . . . , N) consisting of said piezoelectric parts P_(Ti) and said nonpiezoelectric parts _(Ti), a bilayer zone L_(R) consisting of said piezoelectric substrate P_(R) and said nonpiezoelectric part _(R), and a monolayer zone between said bilayer zones L_(Ti) and said bilayer zone L_(R), and consisting of said remaining nonpiezoelectric part, said interdigital transducer I_(Ti) receiving an electric signal E_(T) with a frequency approximately corresponding to said interdigital periodicity p, exciting an elastic wave of the S_(o) mode and the higher order modes in said bilayer zone L_(Ti), and transmitting said elastic wave, having the wavelength approximately equal to said interdigital periodicity p, to said bilayer zone L_(R) through said monolayer zone, the phase velocity of said elastic wave being approximately equal to the phase velocity V_(fd=0), of the S_(o) mode elastic wave, corresponding to a condition that the product FD of the frequency F of said elastic wave and said thickness D of said piezoelectric substrate P_(T) is zero, said interdigital transducer I_(R) transducing said elastic wave in said bilayer zone L_(R) to an electric signal E_(R) with a frequency approximately corresponding to said interdigital periodicity p, said nonpiezoelectric plate being made of a material such that the phase velocity of the elastic wave in said nonpiezoelectric plate alone is approximately equal to that in said piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R) alone, said controlling system turning on and off said switches C_(i) with a fixed period in turn, keeping a check on a magnitude of said electric signal E_(R), sensing a touch with a finger or others under a fixed or more pressure on the other end surface of said nonpiezoelectric plate by a decrease or a disappearance in magnitude of said electric signal E_(R), picking out one of said switches C_(i) turned on when said decrease or said disappearance in magnitude of said electric signal E_(R) happens, specifying a touch-position corresponding with the picked out switch C_(i), and producing an image corresponding to said touch-position on said display panel, said elastic wave transducing unit X having N propagation lanes U_(Xi) (i=1, 2, . . . , N) of the elastic wave in said monolayer zone between said bilayer zones L_(Ti) and L_(R), two neighbors of said propagation lanes U_(Xi) being closed or partially overlapping each other, said elastic wave transducing unit Y having N propagation lanes U_(Yi) (i=1, 2, . . . , N) of the elastic wave in said monolayer zone between said bilayer zones L_(Ti) and L_(R), two neighbors of said propagation lanes U_(Yi) being closed or partially overlapping each other, said propagation lane U_(Xi) being vertical to said propagation lane U_(Yi).
 2. An elastic wave position-sensing device as defined in claim 1, wherein said nonpiezoelectric plate is made of a glass.
 3. An elastic wave position-sensing device as defined in claim 1, wherein said piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R) are made of a piezoelectric ceramic, the polarization axis thereof being parallel to the direction of said thickness D thereof.
 4. An elastic wave position-sensing device as defined in claim 1, wherein said piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R) are made of a piezoelectric polymer.
 5. An elastic wave position-sensing device as defined in claim 1, wherein said display panel is made of a material such that the phase velocity of the elastic wave in said display panel is higher than that in said nonpiezoelectric plate alone.
 6. An elastic wave position-sensing device as defined in claim 1 further comprising:an amplifier A_(X), an input terminal of said switch C_(i) in said elastic wave transducing unit Y being connected with an output terminal of said interdigital transducer I_(R) in said elastic wave transducing unit X via said amplifier A_(X) ; and an amplifier A_(Y), an input terminal of said switch C_(i) in said elastic wave transducing unit X being connected with an output terminal of said interdigital transducer I_(R) in said elastic wave transducing unit Y via said amplifier A_(Y), said switches C_(i) in said elastic wave transducing unit X, said propagation lanes U_(Xi) as delay elements, said amplifier A_(X), said switches C_(i) in said elastic wave transducing unit Y, said propagation lanes U_(Yi) as delay elements, and said amplifier A_(Y) forming N oscillators H_(i) (i=1, 2, . . . , N).
 7. An elastic wave position-sensing device comprising:at least two elastic wave transducing units X and Y, each thereof consisting ofa piezoelectric substrate P_(T) having two end surfaces running perpendicular to the direction of the thickness D thereof, and comprising N piezoelectric parts P_(Ti) (i=1, 2, . . . , N), a piezoelectric substrate P_(R) having two end surfaces running perpendicular to the direction of the thickness D thereof, N interdigital transducers T_(i) (i=1, 2, . . . , N), each thereof being formed on one end surface of each of said piezoelectric parts P_(Ti), each of said interdigital transducers T_(i) consisting of two electrodes T_(i-1) and T_(i-2) and having two kinds of distances between one electrode finger of said electrode T_(i-1) and two neighboring electrode fingers of said electrode T_(i-2), said thickness D of said piezoelectric substrate P_(T) being approximately equal to or smaller than an interdigital periodicity p of said interdigital transducer T_(i), an interdigital transducer R formed on one end surface of said piezoelectric substrate P_(R), consisting of two electrodes R₋₁ and R₋₂, and having two kinds of distances between one electrode finger of said electrode R₋₁ and two neighboring electrode fingers of said electrode R₋₂, said thickness D of said piezoelectric substrate P_(R) being approximately equal to or smaller than an interdigital periodicity p of said interdigital transducer R, N earth electrodes G_(Ti) (i=1, 2, . . . , N), each thereof being formed on the other end surface of each of said piezoelectric parts P_(Ti), an earth electrode G_(R) formed on the other end surface of said piezoelectric substrate P_(R), a phase shifter S_(T) including at least a coil L₁, a phase shifter S_(R) including at least a coil L₂, and N pairs of switches W_(i) (i=1, 2, . . . , N), each pair of switches W_(i) consisting of two switches W_(i-1) and W_(i-2), and output terminals of said switches W_(i-1) and W_(i-2) being connected with input terminals of said electrodes T_(i-1) and T_(i-2), respectively; a nonpiezoelectric plate having two end surfaces, the thickness of said nonpiezoelectric plate being equal to or smaller than said thickness D of said piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R), said piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R) being mounted on one or the other end surface of said nonpiezoelectric plate through said earth electrodes G_(Ti) and G_(R), respectively, said nonpiezoelectric plate comprising N nonpiezoelectric parts _(Ti) (i=1, 2, . . . , N) adjacent to said piezoelectric parts P_(Ti), a nonpiezoelectric part _(R) adjacent to said piezoelectric substrate P_(R), and the remaining nonpiezoelectric part; a display panel, mounted on said one end surface of said nonpiezoelectric plate; and a controlling system connected with said two elastic wave transducing units X and Y, and said display panel,said piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R), and said nonpiezoelectric plate formingN bilayer zones L_(Ti) (i=1, 2, . . . , N) consisting of said piezoelectric parts P_(Ti) and said nonpiezoelectric parts _(Ti), a bilayer zone L_(R) consisting of said piezoelectric substrate P_(R) and said nonpiezoelectric part _(R), and a monolayer zone between said bilayer zones L_(Ti) and said bilayer zone L_(R), and consisting of said remaining nonpiezoelectric part, said interdigital transducer T_(i) and said earth electrode G_(Ti) receiving an electric signal E_(T1) between said electrode T_(i-1) and said earth electrode G_(Ti), and an electric signal E_(T2) between said electrode T_(i-2) and said earth electrode G_(Ti) via said phase shifter S_(T), exciting an elastic wave of the S_(o) mode and the higher order modes in said bilayer zone L_(Ti), and transmitting said elastic wave, having the wavelength approximately equal to said interdigital periodicity p of said interdigital transducer T_(i), to said bilayer zone L_(R) through said monolayer zone, each of said electric signals E_(T1) and E_(T2) having a frequency approximately corresponding to said interdigital periodicity p of said interdigital transducer T_(i), the phase difference between said electric signals E_(T1) and E_(T2) being 2πy, the phase velocity of said elastic wave being approximately equal to the phase velocity V_(fd=0), of the S_(o) mode elastic wave, corresponding to a condition that the product FD of the frequency F of said elastic wave and said thickness D of said piezoelectric substrate P_(T) is zero, said interdigital transducer R and said earth electrode G_(R) transducing said elastic wave in said bilayer zone L_(R), with wavelength approximately equal to said interdigital periodicity p of said interdigital transducer R, to an electric signal E_(R1) between said electrode R₋₁ and said earth electrode G_(R), and an electric signal E_(R2) between said electrode R₋₂ and said earth electrode G_(R), each of said electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2) having a frequency approximately corresponding to said interdigital periodicity p of said interdigital transducer R, the phase difference between said electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2) being 2πy, said phase shifter S_(R) combining said electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2), and delivering a combined electric signal E_(R), said nonpiezoelectric plate being made of a material such that the phase velocity of the elastic wave in said nonpiezoelectric plate alone is approximately equal to that in said piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R) alone, said controlling system turning on and off said pairs of switches W_(i) with a fixed period in turn, keeping a check on a magnitude of said electric signal E_(R), sensing a touch with a finger or others under a fixed or more pressure on the other end surface of said nonpiezoelectric plate by a decrease or a disappearance in magnitude of said electric signal E_(R), picking out said pair of switches W_(i) turned on when said decrease or said disappearance in magnitude of said electric signal E_(R) happens, specifying a touch-position corresponding with the picked out pair of switches W_(i), and producing an image corresponding to said touch-position on said display panel, said elastic wave transducing unit X having N propagation lanes U_(Xi) (i=1, 2, . . . , N) of the elastic wave in said monolayer zone between said bilayer zones L_(Ti) and L_(R) in said elastic wave transducing unit X, two neighbors of said propagation lanes U_(Xi) being closed or partially overlapping each other, said elastic wave transducing unit Y having N propagation lanes U_(Yi) (i=1, 2, . . . , N) of the elastic wave in said monolayer zone between said bilayer zones L_(Ti) and L_(R) in said elastic wave transducing unit Y, two neighbors of said propagation lanes U_(Yi) being closed or partially overlapping each other, said propagation lane U_(Xi) being vertical to said propagation lane U_(Yi).
 8. An elastic wave position-sensing device as defined in claim 7, wherein x<1/2 in a shorter distance xp of said two kinds of distances between one electrode finger of said electrode T_(i-1) and two neighboring electrode fingers of said electrode T_(i-2), x<1/2 in a shorter distance xp of said two kinds of distances between one electrode finger of said electrode R₋₁ and two neighboring electrode fingers of said electrode R₋₂, x+y=±1/2 in said phase difference 2πy between said electric signals E_(T1) and E_(T2), and x+y=±1/2 in said phase difference 2πy between said electric signals E_(R1) and E_(R2).
 9. An elastic wave position-sensing device as defined in claim 7, wherein said nonpiezoelectric plate is made of a glass.
 10. An elastic wave position-sensing device as defined in claim 7, wherein said piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R) are made of a piezoelectric ceramic, the polarization axis thereof being parallel to the direction of said thickness D thereof.
 11. An elastic wave position-sensing device as defined in claim 7, wherein said piezoelectric substrates P_(T) and P_(R) are made of a piezoelectric polymer.
 12. An elastic wave position-sensing device as defined in claim 7, wherein said display panel is made of a material such that the phase velocity of the elastic wave in said display panel is higher than that in said nonpiezoelectric plate alone.
 13. An elastic wave position-sensing device as defined in claim 7 further comprising:an amplifier A_(X), an input terminal of said phase shifter S_(T) in said elastic wave transducing unit Y being connected with an output terminal of said phase shifter S_(R) in said elastic wave transducing unit X via said amplifier A_(X) ; and an amplifier A_(Y), an input terminal of said phase shifter S_(T) in said elastic wave transducing unit X being connected with an output terminal of said phase shifter S_(R) in said elastic wave transducing unit Y via said amplifier A_(Y), said phase shifter S_(T) in said elastic wave transducing unit X, said pairs of switches W_(i) in said elastic wave transducing unit X, said propagation lanes U_(Xi) as delay elements, said phase shifter S_(R) in said elastic wave transducing unit X, said amplifier A_(X), said phase shifter S_(T) in said elastic wave transducing unit Y, said pairs of switches W_(i) in said elastic wave transducing unit Y, said propagation lanes U_(Yi) as delay elements, said phase shifter S_(R) in said elastic wave transducing unit Y, and said amplifier A_(Y) forming N oscillators H_(i) (i=1, 2, . . . , N). 